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  • The Different Parts Of A CNC Machine

    The Different Parts Of A CNC Machine

    This article will describe the different parts of a CNC machine. Some parts are common between lathes and mills, like the control unit, driving system, and feedback system, while others are specific to a certain type of machine. For example, tailstocks and headstocks are only found on CNC lathes.  1. Input Device The “input device” for a CNC machine is the means by which CNC programs are loaded into the machine. This input device could be the keyboard (to directly input G-code commands), a USB flash drive (to transport a completed program from another computer), or wireless communication (if the program is to be downloaded from another computer using the local network).  2. Machine Control Unit (MCU) The MCU (machine control unit) is the set of electronic hardware and software that reads the G-code supplied by the input device, and translates it into instructions that can be executed by the tool drivers to perform the desired machining actions.  It is one of the most important CNC machine components. The MCU interprets the G-code coordinates into movements carried out by servo motors along the various machine axes. It also interprets information from feedback sensors to ensure that the tool is in the expected position after the movement is completed. The MCU also controls tool changers and coolant activation as specified by the G-code. 
  • Tool Maintenance tips for machinists

    Tool Maintenance tips for machinists

    1) Select the right tool and cutting data for the job. Proper tool maintenance is crucial to minimise problem-solving times, particularly in vibrations, poor chip control, and sudden tool breakage. Selecting the appropriate combination of tools and cutting data is essential to reduce the overall tool maintenance needed in the first place. 2) Store your cutting tools appropriately. I have seen machinists spending hours searching for the elusive tool they need to complete that urgent job. And after finding it, they realise it is damaged, hidden behind the CNC machine in the "I'll deal with it later" area. We waste countless hours every year looking for tools for jobs that should only take minutes to produce. Effective tool storage practices are the foundation of maintenance. Whether your workshop is organised or cluttered, neglecting tool care can compromise the efficiency of your machining outcomes. Implementing proper tool storage practices is essential for safeguarding the condition of your tools. 3) Handling your cutting inserts with care. Inserts are fragile, and storing them in your pockets, open containers, or surfaces where they might come into contact with other inserts or elements could cause chipping. The best practice is to store them in their respective boxes supplied when you move them from your inventory to your machine. This ensures they stay protected and in top condition. Safeguarding them in this manner is essential for their long-term performance and durability.
  • What Is a CNC Machining?

    What Is a CNC Machining?

    CNC machining is the modern replacement of analog devices, in which movement was dictated by turning wheels, levers and cams controlled by a machinist. This earlier process utilized simple scales and patterns that resulted in a lack of uniformity and low precision. In comparison, CNC machines are digitally controlled using numerical coordinates defining their continuous movement. Digital controls ensure that cutting is uniform and repeatable, resulting in consistent high-quality milled parts. Though CNC machines can be used in combination with other technologies, for the purposes of this article, we will focus on CNC use in subtractive manufacturing processes where computerized controls are used with machine tools to remove layers of material from a stock piece. ZLD has been using CNC machines to build plastic injection tooling, silicone molding tooling and fixtures; to fabricate metal components; and to prototype plastic components prior to making production tooling.
  • What is the difference between steel and iron?

    What is the difference between steel and iron?

    Steel and iron are both metals, but there are several key differences between them: Composition: Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon, typically containing between 0.2% and 2% carbon. Pure iron has a much lower carbon content and is typically found in the Earth's crust as iron ore. Hardness and strength: Steel is harder and stronger than iron due to the carbon content. The carbon in steel reacts with the iron to form iron carbide, which strengthens the material. Temperature: Iron melts at a higher temperature than steel, requiring more heat to reach its melting point. Applications: Steel is used in a wide range of applications due to its strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance. It is commonly used in construction, automobiles, ships, pipelines, appliances, and many other products. Iron is less commonly used in industrial applications due to its lower strength and hardness, but it is often used in the production of steel and other alloys.
  • What is crimp contact pin?

    What is crimp contact pin?

    A crimp contact pin is a type of electrical connector that is typically used in the field of electronics and telecommunications. It consists of a metal pin that is crimped onto a wire to create an electrical connection. The crimp contact pin is often used in applications where a secure and reliable connection is required, such as in the assembly of printed circuit boards (PCBs). The crimp contact pin is made of a conductive material, such as copper or brass, and has a flattened or flared end that is crimped around the wire. The crimping process involves using a special tool to compress the pin onto the wire, creating a secure mechanical and electrical connection. The resulting connection provides good conductivity and resistance to vibrations and other mechanical stressors. Crimp contact pins are available in various sizes and shapes to accommodate different wire gauges and applications. They are commonly used in the construction of cables, harnesses, and other wiring assemblies, as well as in the assembly of PCBs. In PCB applications, crimp contact pins are inserted into through-holes or surface-mount pads on the PCB, where they make contact with conductive traces or pads on the opposite side of the board. The use of crimp contact pins offers several advantages over other types of electrical connectors. They provide a secure and reliable connection that is relatively unaffected by vibrations or thermal cycling. Additionally, crimp contact pins are typically less expensive than other types of connectors and are easier to install and remove, making them suitable for use in cost-sensitive and low-volume applications. However, proper installation and handling of crimp contact pins is essential to ensure a reliable connection, and improper crimping can lead to poor connection. Therefore, when installing and using crimp contact pins, correct operating procedures and precautions need to be followed to ensure the reliability and durability of the connection.
  • What is a CNC lathe?

    What is a CNC lathe?

    A CNC lathe(CNC turning machine) is a machine that spins material around a central spindle and a fixed cutting tool. Instead of being controlled by physical labor, the movement of your components is determined by coded instructions fed to a computer. A CNC lathe machine is normally used to produce precise round shapes with both an Outer Diameter (OD), and an Inner Diameter (ID). Practically all kinds of structures could be machined with this machine tool, depending on their needs in different industries. All CNC machine tools are automatic, but the usage in the machining industries does not routinely call them by that term. The term "automatic", when it is used at all, still often refers implicitly to cam-operated machines. Thus a 2-axis CNC lathe is not referred to as an "automatic lathe" even if fully automated. CNC machines are more expensive and require a greater initial investment than machines that can be operated manually. However, as this technology becomes the standard, supply is increasing resulting in costs gradually decreasing.
  • What is Black Oxide?

    What is Black Oxide?

    Black oxide is a chemical conversion process used to blacken the surface of a part without adding a thick coating. A chemical conversion process uses a chemical solution to force a reaction on the surface of the part rather than a plating or coating process which adds a thicker layer on top of the base material. Hot black oxide coating consists of a hot bath of nitrates, nitrites, and sodium hydroxide. The interaction between the ferrous material and the bath turns its surface to magnetite. Then, the material is dipped in alkaline cleaner, water, and caustic soda, making it turn black. What is black oxide used for?
  • What do CNC mean? And what is advantage of CNC?

    What do CNC mean? And what is advantage of CNC?

    The full name of CNC is Computer numerical control. Computer numerical control (CNC) is a method for automating control of machine tools through the use of software embedded in a microcomputer attached to the tool. It is commonly used in manufacturing for machining metal and plastic parts. Computer Numerical Control – Taking digitized data, a computer and CAM program is used to control, automate, and monitor the movements of a machine. The machine can be a milling machine, lathe, router, welder, grinder, laser or waterjet cutter, sheet metal stamping machine, robot, or many other types of machines. This type of machining requires fewer machine operators since one skilled operator can run several machines at one time. Since the CNC is so accurate it reduces errors from the manufacturing process and eliminates unnecessary waste.
  • Where are pin terminals commonly used in?

    Where are pin terminals commonly used in?

    While pin terminals are used both in electrical & electronic systems, they find more use in electronic/communication systems.   An electronic system includes different electronic devices that are interconnected. This network of various components/circuits is connected using different interconnects.   An interconnect is a physical/logical connection between 2 electronic devices of networks. Interconnects of various types have been developed for varying purposes such as signal transmission, power distribution, and more. Based on termination ends, these interconnect have been classified into three:     1.       Board-to-board connectors 2..       Cable/wire-to-cable/wire connectors 3.       Cable/wire-to-board connectors     Board-to-board connectors: These connectors are mostly used for interconnecting PCBs without a cable. They save space on cables, hence making them suitable for systems with limited space irrespective of parallel & perpendicular configuration. Motherboard and daughterboard arrangements usually employ board-to-board connectors.   board-to-noard-connector Cable/wire-to-cable/wire connectors: As its name suggests, it connects two wires or cables. One end is connected to a permanent wire while the other end to a separable interface.  There are a lot of varieties of Cable/wire-to-cable/wire connectors in the market each serving different purposes.   cable/wire-to-cable/wire connector Cable/wire-to-board connectors: As its name suggests, Cable/wire-to-board connectors connect a wire to a PCB.  They are similar to the wire-to-wire connections, especially in the mating interface.   cable/wire-to-board connector Terminals give different meanings when used in different disciplines. From an electrical perspective, it simply means a point at which a conductor comes to an end whether it be a component, device, or network. The textbook definition of a terminal would be, a connecting joint at an endpoint, acting as a reusable interface and creating a point where external circuits can be connected. To locate it in a circuit you can look at it at the end of a wire probably fitted with a connector or a fastener.
  • What is CNC Turning?

    What is CNC Turning?

    CNC turning is a CNC process where a cutting tool, a typically non-rotating component of the lathe or turning center, removes material from a rotating rigid material. This process produces different shapes and sizes depending on the turning operations used. The first part of CNC turning is “CNC,” which stands for “computer numerical control” and is commonly associated with the automation of machining processes.   “Turning” is the machining term for a process where the workpiece is rotated while a single-point cutting tool removes material to match the final part design.   Therefore, CNC turning is an industrial machining process controlled by a computer and carried out on equipment capable of turning: a lathe or a turning center.  This process can take place with the axis of rotation in the horizontal or vertical orientation. The latter being used primarily for workpieces with a large radius relative to their length.
  • What is CNC milling?

    What is CNC milling?

    CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control milling. This essentially means that the milling machine is moved and monitored by numerical computer control, rather than by hand. CNC milling is a manufacturing process that uses a cutting tool mounted on a rotating spindle to selectively remove material from a raw substrate to get what we want. The workpiece is rigidly mounted on a table that moves or rotates in different planes, so the tool can work at multiple angles. Complex CNC milling machines can have 5 or more independent axes of motion to create more complex shapes or avoid moving the workpiece to a separate machine.
  • What is black oxide?

    What is black oxide?

    Black oxide or blackening is a conversion coating for ferrous materials, stainless steel, copper and copper based alloys, zinc, powdered metals, and silver solder. It is used to add mild corrosion resistance, for appearance, and to minimize light reflection.To achieve maximal corrosion resistance the black oxide must be impregnated with oil or wax.One of its advantages over other coatings is its minimal buildup. There are many advantages of blackening, mainly: Blackening can be done in large batches (ideal for small parts). There is no significant dimensional impact (the blacking process creates a layer about 1 µm thick). It is far cheaper than similar corrosion protection systems, such as paint and electroplating.
  • What is sandblasting?

    What is sandblasting?

    Sandblasting can remove paint, rust, and residue from oxidation from materials quickly and efficiently. Sandblasting can also be used to change the condition of a metal's surface, such as through removing scratches or casting marks. Sandblasting as a cleaning method has been widely used for over a hundred years. There are several variants of sandblasting process like bead blasting, Soda blasting and shot blasting. Before sandblasting, it is mandatory to know about its materials and the pros and cons. There are many material can be Sandblasted, such as glass,stone,metal,wood,Plastics Steel.
  • What is the process of electroplating?

    What is the process of electroplating?

    Electroplating is a process by which metal ions migrate via a solution from a positive electrode to a negative one. An electrical current passing through the solution causes objects at the cathode to be coated by the metal in the solution. Common metals used in the electroplating process include black and silver nickel, chromium, brass, cadmium, copper, gold, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, silver, tin and zinc. We typically recommend using Grade S or N Nickel, cadmium pellets, CDA 101 OFHC Copper, brass alloys, tin anodes and zinc.
  • What is Anodizing?

    What is Anodizing?

    Anodizing is an electrochemical process that converts the metal surface into a decorative, durable, corrosion-resistant, anodic oxide finish. Aluminum is ideally suited to anodizing, although other nonferrous metals, such as magnesium and titanium, also can be anodized. The anodic oxide structure originates from the aluminum substrate and is composed entirely of aluminum oxide. This aluminum oxide is not applied to the surface like paint or plating, but is fully integrated with the underlying aluminum substrate, so it cannot chip or peel. It has a highly ordered, porous structure that allows for secondary processes such as coloring and sealing. Anodizing is accomplished by immersing the aluminum into an acid electrolyte bath and passing an electric current through the medium. A cathode is mounted to the inside of the anodizing tank; the aluminum acts as an anode, so that oxygen ions are released from the electrolyte to combine with the aluminum atoms at the surface of the part being anodized. Anodizing is, therefore, a matter of highly controlled oxidation the enhancement of a naturally occurring phenomenon.
  • what is wire cutting

    what is wire cutting

    What is wire cutting? Wire cutting is , whic refers to the use of wire tools (such as metal wire, molybdenum wire, etc.) to cut raw materials (conductive materials), which belongs to the category of electrical processing.When the former Soviet Union Razalianko and his wife studied the phenomenon and causes of the damage of the switch contacts by spark discharge, they found that the instantaneous high temperature of the electric spark can melt and oxidize the local metal and be corroded, thus pioneered and invented the EDM method. The wire cutting machine was also invented in the former Soviet Union in 1960. Our country was the first country to be used in industrial production. At present, most of the wire cutting machine tools adopt a microcomputer control system with a high degree of automation. Main application: (1) Processing molds; (2) Machining parts with fine structure; (3) Machining parts with complex shapes; (4) Processing hard conductive materials; (5) Trial production of new products; (6) Precious metal blanking. Main feature: Compared with traditional turning, milling and drilling processing methods, wire cutting has its own characteristics: (1) Directly use 0.03-0.35 mm metal wires as electrodes, no specific shape is required, which can save electrode design and manufacturing costs; (2) Regardless of the hardness of the workpiece material, as long as it is a conductor or semiconductor material, it can be processed, and the loss of the electrode wire is small, and the processing accuracy is high; (3) It is suitable for the processing of small batches, complex shapes, single pieces and trial products, and the processing cycle is short; (4) In WEDM machining, the electrode wire does not directly contact the workpiece, and the effect between the two is very small, so the deformation of the workpiece is small, and the electrode wire and fixture do not need too high strength; (5) The working fluid adopts water-based emulsion, which has low cost and will not cause fire; (6) It is not suitable for processing large-scale parts with simple shapes, nor can it process non-conductive parts. Cutting process steps: Prepare workpiece blanks, clamping tools, measuring tools, etc. before processing. If it is necessary to cut a workpiece with an inner cavity shape, or the process requires processing with a threaded hole, the blank should be pre-made with a threaded hole, and then follow the steps below: (1) Start the machine tool power supply to enter the system and prepare the processing program; (2) Check whether there are any abnormalities in each part of the machine tool, such as the operation of high frequency, water pump, wire tube, etc.; (3) Wire threading, threading, and vertical alignment; (4) Clamping the workpiece and aligning; (5) For the wire, establish the starting position of cutting; (6) Start the wire feed, turn on the working fluid pump, and adjust the nozzle flow rate; (7) Adjust processing parameters; (8) Run the processing program t...
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